Tuesday 26 April 2016

ROCKS

https://www.learner.org/interactives/rockcycle/types.html

 Discover rock secrets through these activities.
 Create a rock collection as you learn about the three main types of rock.
 Find out how to tell the different rock types apart.
 See how rocks change from one type into another!

The rock cycle

3 States of Matter for Kids (Solid, Liquid, Gas): Science for Children -...

Sunday 24 April 2016

Ecocide of the Río de Aguas

 

https://www.change.org/p/sos-nos-quitan-nuestra-agua-para-el-beneficio-de-unos-pocos-destruyen-el-r%C3%ADo-aguas
This is a call upon the Junta de Andalucia to stop the ecocide of Rio De Aguas
The ancient fossil water aquifer located in the Sorbas-Tabernas basin in the province of Almeriahas been over exploited to a point that is about to disappear.
As a result of this unsustainable exploitation about 7,000 people are being affected by the water shortage in the area. Ecologically speaking the damage is irreparable, the indiscriminated extraction of subterranean water from the aquifer has led to a decrese in the spring waterflow, from 40 L/s to 3 L/s in the last few years. The Paraje Natural Karst en Yesos of Sorbas is a protected, remarkable and unique landscape in Europe that is also afected by the reduction of subterranean water from the aquifer has led to a decrese in the spring waterflow, from 40 L/s to 3 L/s in the last few years. The Paraje Natural Karst en Yesos of Sorbas is a protected, remarkable and unique landscape in Europe that is also afected by the reduction of the waterflow, Los Molinos del Rio Aguas spring in this arid Paraje Natural produces an oasis effect that hosts endemic and exclusive flora and fauna, including the southeast peninsular tortoise Tortuga Mora which is assessed as vulnerable in the IUCN Red List.

http://www.ecologistasenaccion.org/article31264.html
 El programa de divulgación sobre temas de Medio Ambiente, el Escarabajo Verde, emitió  “El último oasis” en el que se describe a través de entrevistas e imágenes la situación de sobreexplotación del acuífero que alimenta al manantial del río Aguas. El profesor de la UAL Jose María Calaforra, el presidente del GEM, José Rivera, o el coordinador provincial de Ecologistas en Acción, Marcos Diéguez, son algunos de los invitados al programa.
 http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/videos/el-escarabajo-verde/escarabajo-verde-ultimo-oasis/3383219/

Wednesday 20 April 2016

Make Your Own Paper

Trees for the Earth

Earth Day’s Global 2016 Theme: Trees For The Earth.
Over the next five years, as Earth Day moves closer to its 50th anniversary, we’re calling on you to help us achieve one of our most ambitious goals yet — we’re planting 7.8 billion trees and we’re starting now.

Our planet is currently losing over 15 Billion trees each year (equivalent to 48 football fields every minute). In honor of Earth Day’s 50th anniversary in 2020, Earth Day Network announced Trees for the Earth, a plan to plant 7.8 Billion trees by Earth Day 2020: one tree for every person on the planet. We invite you to join us!
Trees will be the first of five major goals we are undertaking in honor of the five-year countdown to our 50th anniversary. On their own and together, these initiatives will make a significant and measurable impact on the Earth and will serve as the foundation of a cleaner, healthier and more sustainable planet for all.
In planting 7.8 Billion trees, we will contribute to three major goals:
Mitigating Climate Change and Pollution
Planting trees absorb excess and harmful CO2 from our atmosphere. In a single year, it takes roughly 96 trees to absorb the amount of CO2 produced by one person. Trees also absorb odors and pollutant gases like nitrogen oxides, ammonia, sulfur dioxide and ozone, as well as filter particulates out of the air by trapping them on their leaves and bark.
Protecting Biodiversity
By planting the right trees, we can help counteract the loss of species, as well as provide increased habitat connectivity between regional forest patches.
Supporting Communities and their Livelihoods
Planting trees help communities achieve long-term economic and environmental sustainability and provide food, energy and income. Studies have shown that schools with tree cover have reduced asthma and lung disease rates and help students with ADHD concentrate for longer periods. Tree planting has a direct correlation to reduced crime rates, increased property values, reduced litter, higher social cohesion, and a number of other social and psychological benefits.
- See more at: http://www.earthday.org/earth-day/earth-day-toolkit/#1

Trees for the Earth

Earth Day’s Global 2016 Theme: Trees For The Earth.
Over the next five years, as Earth Day moves closer to its 50th anniversary, we’re calling on you to help us achieve one of our most ambitious goals yet — we’re planting 7.8 billion trees and we’re starting now.

Our planet is currently losing over 15 Billion trees each year (equivalent to 48 football fields every minute). In honor of Earth Day’s 50th anniversary in 2020, Earth Day Network announced Trees for the Earth, a plan to plant 7.8 Billion trees by Earth Day 2020: one tree for every person on the planet. We invite you to join us!
Trees will be the first of five major goals we are undertaking in honor of the five-year countdown to our 50th anniversary. On their own and together, these initiatives will make a significant and measurable impact on the Earth and will serve as the foundation of a cleaner, healthier and more sustainable planet for all.
In planting 7.8 Billion trees, we will contribute to three major goals:
Mitigating Climate Change and Pollution
Planting trees absorb excess and harmful CO2 from our atmosphere. In a single year, it takes roughly 96 trees to absorb the amount of CO2 produced by one person. Trees also absorb odors and pollutant gases like nitrogen oxides, ammonia, sulfur dioxide and ozone, as well as filter particulates out of the air by trapping them on their leaves and bark.
Protecting Biodiversity
By planting the right trees, we can help counteract the loss of species, as well as provide increased habitat connectivity between regional forest patches.
Supporting Communities and their Livelihoods
Planting trees help communities achieve long-term economic and environmental sustainability and provide food, energy and income. Studies have shown that schools with tree cover have reduced asthma and lung disease rates and help students with ADHD concentrate for longer periods. Tree planting has a direct correlation to reduced crime rates, increased property values, reduced litter, higher social cohesion, and a number of other social and psychological benefits.
- See more at: http://www.earthday.org/earth-day/earth-day-toolkit/#1http://www.earthday.org/take-action/footprint-calculator/?key=0

Trees for the Earth

Earth Day’s Global 2016 Theme: Trees For The Earth.
Over the next five years, as Earth Day moves closer to its 50th anniversary, we’re calling on you to help us achieve one of our most ambitious goals yet — we’re planting 7.8 billion trees and we’re starting now.

Our planet is currently losing over 15 Billion trees each year (equivalent to 48 football fields every minute). In honor of Earth Day’s 50th anniversary in 2020, Earth Day Network announced Trees for the Earth, a plan to plant 7.8 Billion trees by Earth Day 2020: one tree for every person on the planet. We invite you to join us!
Trees will be the first of five major goals we are undertaking in honor of the five-year countdown to our 50th anniversary. On their own and together, these initiatives will make a significant and measurable impact on the Earth and will serve as the foundation of a cleaner, healthier and more sustainable planet for all.
In planting 7.8 Billion trees, we will contribute to three major goals:
Mitigating Climate Change and Pollution
Planting trees absorb excess and harmful CO2 from our atmosphere. In a single year, it takes roughly 96 trees to absorb the amount of CO2 produced by one person. Trees also absorb odors and pollutant gases like nitrogen oxides, ammonia, sulfur dioxide and ozone, as well as filter particulates out of the air by trapping them on their leaves and bark.
Protecting Biodiversity
By planting the right trees, we can help counteract the loss of species, as well as provide increased habitat connectivity between regional forest patches.
Supporting Communities and their Livelihoods
Planting trees help communities achieve long-term economic and environmental sustainability and provide food, energy and income. Studies have shown that schools with tree cover have reduced asthma and lung disease rates and help students with ADHD concentrate for longer periods. Tree planting has a direct correlation to reduced crime rates, increased property values, reduced litter, higher social cohesion, and a number of other social and psychological benefits.
- See more at: http://www.earthday.org/earth-day/earth-day-toolkit/#1

Trees for the Earth

Earth Day’s Global 2016 Theme: Trees For The Earth.
Over the next five years, as Earth Day moves closer to its 50th anniversary, we’re calling on you to help us achieve one of our most ambitious goals yet — we’re planting 7.8 billion trees and we’re starting now.

Our planet is currently losing over 15 Billion trees each year (equivalent to 48 football fields every minute). In honor of Earth Day’s 50th anniversary in 2020, Earth Day Network announced Trees for the Earth, a plan to plant 7.8 Billion trees by Earth Day 2020: one tree for every person on the planet. We invite you to join us!
Trees will be the first of five major goals we are undertaking in honor of the five-year countdown to our 50th anniversary. On their own and together, these initiatives will make a significant and measurable impact on the Earth and will serve as the foundation of a cleaner, healthier and more sustainable planet for all.
In planting 7.8 Billion trees, we will contribute to three major goals:
Mitigating Climate Change and Pollution
Planting trees absorb excess and harmful CO2 from our atmosphere. In a single year, it takes roughly 96 trees to absorb the amount of CO2 produced by one person. Trees also absorb odors and pollutant gases like nitrogen oxides, ammonia, sulfur dioxide and ozone, as well as filter particulates out of the air by trapping them on their leaves and bark.
Protecting Biodiversity
By planting the right trees, we can help counteract the loss of species, as well as provide increased habitat connectivity between regional forest patches.
Supporting Communities and their Livelihoods
Planting trees help communities achieve long-term economic and environmental sustainability and provide food, energy and income. Studies have shown that schools with tree cover have reduced asthma and lung disease rates and help students with ADHD concentrate for longer periods. Tree planting has a direct correlation to reduced crime rates, increased property values, reduced litter, higher social cohesion, and a number of other social and psychological benefits.
- See more at: http://www.earthday.org/earth-day/earth-day-toolkit/#1



http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemistryactivities/a/howtomakepaper.htm

Make Your Own Paper

You are going to pulp the old paper together with water, spread it out, and allow it to dry. It's that simple!
  1. Tear the paper (feel free to mix different types) into small bits and put it into a blender.
  2. Fill the blender about 2/3 full with warm water.
  3. Pulse the blender until the pulp is smooth. If you are going to write on the paper, blend in 2 teaspoons of liquid starch.
  4. Set your mold in a shallow basin or pan.  Pour the blended mixture into the mold. Sprinkle in your mix-ins (thread, flower petals, etc.). Shake the mold from side to side, keeping it in the liquid, to level out your paper pulp mixture.
  5. You have few different options here. You could remove the mold from the liquid, let the paper dry in the mold, and then peel it off. I flipped my paper out onto my countertop and used a sponge to wick away excess water. You could press a cookie sheet onto the paper to squeeze out the excess water.

Sunday 17 April 2016

http://www.esolcourses.com/content/topics/environment/climate-change/climate-change-word-search.html
http://www.esolcourses.com/content/topics/animals/pets/dangerous-unsuitable-pets.html

EARTH SONG

http://www.esolcourses.com/content/topics/songs/michael-jackson/earth-song.html
  


Green London


http://www.esolcourses.com/content/lifeintheuk/london/green-london/upper-intermediate-listening

The Greenhouse Effect

http://www.esolcourses.com/content/topics/environment/climate-change/climate-change-listening-activities.html

Smoggy London..

http://www.esolcourses.com/content/lifeintheuk/london/air-pollution/london-smog-lesson-activities.html

Thursday 14 April 2016

Menstruation in Kenya


Sexual health.

http://kidshealth.org/en/teens/sexual-health/#catguys

Learn the facts about sexual health with articles about puberty, menstruation, infections, and just about everything else you wanted to know, for guys and girls.

https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/sexually-transmitted/Pages/default.aspx 

https://www.acog.org/-/media/For-Patients/faq112.pdf

http://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/unintendedpregnancy/pdf/contraceptive_methods_508.pdf

http://teachers.teachingsexualhealth.ca/wp-content/uploads/CALM-Contraception-Lesson-2.pdf

//www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/sexually-transmitted/Pages/Sexually-Transmitted-Infections-Prevention.aspx

Sexually Transmitted Infections Prevention



Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are infections that are spread by sexual contact. While the incidence of reported STIs has actually declined in the United States in the last decade, the number of these infections in children and teenagers is still very high. About 25% of teenagers will have an STI before they graduate from high school.
Bacteria or viruses cause STIs. Any person who has sex with another person can get them. While STI symptoms can range from mild irritation and soreness to severe pain, many times there are no symptoms at all. The STI called chlamydia, for example, is generally symptom free or causes only mild symptoms. The diagnosis may not be made until complications develop.
Teenagers and young adults have higher rates of STIs than any other age group. One of the main reasons is that they frequently have unprotected sex. They are also biologically more likely to develop an infection. In addition, they may be less likely to use health care services that could give them information on how to protect themselves against STIs.

Prevention of STIs

The best way for teenagers to prevent STIs is to not have sexual intercourse. They should understand that when they choose to have sex, it is a decision that could affect them for the rest of their lives. Teenagers need to know that having sex could lead to pregnancy or an STI. Be certain that your teenager understands the risks. For example, make sure she knows that acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which is caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is a leading cause of death in people aged 15 to 24 years. The presence of other STIs such as chlamydia, herpes, gonorrhea, and syphilis can increase the chance of getting an HIV infection. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, people with STIs have at least 2 to 5 times the risk of acquiring HIV through sexual contact.
Sexually transmitted infections can also cause pelvic inflammatory disease in women (an infection of the uterus and fallopian tubes) and epididymitis in men (inflammation of the coiled tube beside the testes). Complications from STIs can lead to infertility or an ectopic pregnancy (a fertilized egg that grows outside the womb). If a woman is pregnant, an STI can infect her baby.
Teenagers may face peer pressure to have sex. They need to understand that they can resist that pressure, and it’s OK to wait to have sex. Remind your teenager that saying “no” may not be easy at times, but saying “no” today is better than doing something she will regret tomorrow. 
  • “I like you a lot, but I’m just not ready to have sex.”
  • “You’re really fun to be with, and I wouldn’t want to ruin our relationship with sex.”
  • “You’re a great person, but sex isn’t how I prove I like someone.”
  • “I want to wait until I’m married to have sex.”
Drugs and alcohol make it more difficult to remain firm about the choice to wait to have sex. Even sexually active teenagers might try high-risk sexual behaviors while drinking alcohol or using drugs.
In vitro fertilization:

Tuesday 5 April 2016

How to Extract DNA from Anything Living

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/extraction/howto/

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/extraction/howto/detergent/

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/extraction/howto/enzyme/

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/extraction/howto/DNA_Extraction.pdf

 First, you need to find something that contains DNA. Since DNA is the blueprint for life,
everything living contains DNA. For this experiment, we like to use green split peas. But there
are lots of other DNA sources too, such as:
   Spinach
   Chicken liver
  Strawberries
  Broccoli
Step 1

Put in a blender:
•     1/2 cup of split peas (100ml)
•     1/8 teaspoon table salt (less than 1ml)
•     1 cup cold water (200ml)
Blend on high for 15 seconds.
The blender separates the pea cells from
each other, so you now have a really thin
pea-cell soup.


Soapy Peas
Pour your thin pea-cell soup through a
strainer into another container (like a
measuring cup).
Step 2
Add 2 tablespoons liquid detergent (about
30ml) and swirl to mix.
Let the mixture sit for 5-10 minutes.
Pour the mixture into test tubes or other
small glass containers, each about 1/3 full.
Step 3
Enzyme Power
Add a pinch of enzymes to each test tube
and stir gently. Be careful! If you stir too
hard, you’ll break up the DNA, making it
harder to see.
Use meat tenderizer for enzymes. If you
can’t find tenderizer, try using pineapple
juice or contact lens cleaning solution.


Alcohol Separation
Tilt your test tube and slowly pour
rubbing alcohol (70-95% isopropyl or
ethyl alcohol) into the tube down the side
so that it forms a layer on top of the pea
mixture. Pour until you have about the
same amount of alcohol in the tube as
pea mixture.
Step 4
Alcohol is less dense than water, so it
floats on top. Look for clumps of white
stringy stuff where the water and alcohol
layers meet.
Finish
What is that Stringy Stuff?
DNA is a long, stringy molecule. The salt
that you added in step one helps it stick
together. So what you see are clumps of
tangled DNA molecules!
DNA normally stays dissolved in water,
but when salty DNA comes in contact with
alcohol it becomes undissolved. This is
called precipitation. The physical force of
the DNA clumping together as it precipitates
pulls more strands along with it as it rises
into the alcohol.
You can use a wooden stick or a straw to
collect the DNA. If you want to save your
DNA, you can transfer it to a small container
filled with alcohol.


You Have Just Completed DNA Extraction!
Now that you’ve successfully extracted DNA from one source, you’re ready to
experiment further. Try these ideas or some of your own:
Experiment with other DNA sources. Which
source gives you the most DNA? How can you
compare them?
Experiment with different soaps and
detergents. Do powdered soaps work as well as
liquid detergents? How about shampoo or body
scrub?
Experiment with leaving out or changing steps.
We’ve told you that you need each step, but
is this true? Find out for yourself. Try leaving
out a step or changing how much of each
ingredient you use.
Do only living organisms contain DNA? Try
extracting DNA from things that you think
might not have DNA.
Want to conduct more DNA extraction
experiments? Try out different soaps and
detergents. Do powdered soaps work as well
as liquid detergents?

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