HIV and AIDS

Think Positive: Rethink HIV

http://www.worldaidsday.org/campaign/rethink-hivhttp://www.unaids.org/en/resources/campaigns/HowAIDSchangedeverything/factsheet

 http://www.avert.org/hiv-transmission-prevention/how-you-get-hiv

Despite what you may have heard, there are only a few ways you can get HIV. Here, we explain the ways you can get it and how to protect yourself from HIV infection.

How can you get HIV?

HIV lives in the following bodily fluids of an infected person:

• blood
• semen and pre-seminal fluid (“pre-cum”)
• rectal fluids/anal mucous
• vaginal fluids
• breast milk.

To get infected, these bodily fluids need get into your blood through a mucous membrane (e.g. the lining of the vagina, rectum, the opening of the penis, or the mouth) breaks in the skin (e.g. cuts), or be injected directly into your bloodstream.1
A person living with HIV can pass the virus to others whether they have symptoms or not. People with HIV are most infectious in the first few weeks after infection.2
Here we describe the main ways you can get HIV.
- See more at: http://www.avert.org/hiv-transmission-prevention/how-you-get-hiv#sthash.pNIsjwfE.dpuf

Despite what you may have heard, there are only a few ways you can get HIV. Here, we explain the ways you can get it and how to protect yourself from HIV infection.

How can you get HIV?

- See more at: http://www.avert.org/hiv-transmission-prevention/how-you-get-hiv#sthash.pNIsjwfE.dpuf

Despite what you may have heard, there are only a few ways you can get HIV. Here, we explain the ways you can get it and how to protect yourself from HIV infection.

How can you get HIV?

HIV lives in the following bodily fluids of an infected person:

• blood
• semen and pre-seminal fluid (“pre-cum”)
• rectal fluids/anal mucous
• vaginal fluids
• breast milk.

To get infected, these bodily fluids need get into your blood through a mucous membrane (e.g. the lining of the vagina, rectum, the opening of the penis, or the mouth) breaks in the skin (e.g. cuts), or be injected directly into your bloodstream.1
A person living with HIV can pass the virus to others whether they have symptoms or not. People with HIV are most infectious in the first few weeks after infection.2
Here we describe the main ways you can get HIV.
- See more at: http://www.avert.org/hiv-transmission-prevention/how-you-get-hiv#sthash.pNIsjwfE.dpuf

Despite what you may have heard, there are only a few ways you can get HIV. Here, we explain the ways you can get it and how to protect yourself from HIV infection.

How can you get HIV?

HIV lives in the following bodily fluids of an infected person:

• blood
• semen and pre-seminal fluid (“pre-cum”)
• rectal fluids/anal mucous
• vaginal fluids
• breast milk.

To get infected, these bodily fluids need get into your blood through a mucous membrane (e.g. the lining of the vagina, rectum, the opening of the penis, or the mouth) breaks in the skin (e.g. cuts), or be injected directly into your bloodstream.1
A person living with HIV can pass the virus to others whether they have symptoms or not. People with HIV are most infectious in the first few weeks after infection.2
Here we describe the main ways you can get HIV.
- See more at: http://www.avert.org/hiv-transmission-prevention/how-you-get-hiv#sthash.pNIsjwfE.dpuf

REPRODUCTION

https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bx3dvd-kesbEazdualBQWjh3c00/edit?usp=sharing

Asexual Reproduction
When an organism reproduces it makes another organism of the same _________. Some organisms reproduce ________. Cows make more cows and pigs make more pigs. Sexual reproduction combines genes from a mother and a father, making a genetically _________ organism. Other organisms reproduce asexually. In asexual reproduction, all the genes come from a ________ parent. Asexually produced offspring are genetically __________ to the parent. There are many methods1 of asexual reproduction. In some one-celled organisms, _________________ is a method of asexual reproduction. Bacteria cells reproduce through cell division. The cell makes a copy of its _____ then sends the copy into a new bacteria cell. Some bacteria cells can reproduce fast, making a new cell every 20 minutes. Another method of asexual reproduction is budding. Unicellular yeast cells grow new cells off of the ______ of another. When the cell is developed it falls off and a new ________ cell is produced. Some organisms produce offspring by splitting into pieces. A sea anemone can split down the middle resulting in the production of another individual _________ to the original. Some worms if split will continue to live as ______ identical worms. Both sexual and asexual reproduction produce __________. However, asexual reproduction makes genetically ___________ offspring and sexual reproduction makes __________ offspring. Try taking a __________ of a plant. You will be making another that has the same DNA as the parent plant. You just helped the plant to reproduce asexually!
2. ges·ta·tion /jeˈstāSHən/ n. The process of carrying or being carried in the womb between conception and birth.
Vocabulary
Below is a sentence from the video.
Some bacteria cells reproduce fast, making a new cell every 20 minutes.
Select the word that would best replace the word fast. (1) unhurried (2) rapid (3) leisurely (4) rapidly
Questions
1. According to the video, what is the gestation period of a pig? The amount of time a baby pig is in the womb is
2. How could two plants in different locations have the same DNA?


Create Complete the diagram.
Asexual
Sexual


Word Bank

Produce offspring
Genetically unique offspring
Genetically identical offspring
Sperm
Budding

Cigarette smoking

http://kidshealth.org/kid/watch/house/smoking.html 

 Cigarette Smoking 

 Cigarette smoking is addictive; it fulfills these three criteria:

1. • Smokers develop a tolerance to nicotine (they need to smoke more and more for an effect).
     
   • Smokers become dependent on it (they need it to feel comfortable).
     
   • Smokers suffer withdrawal symptoms (physical and psychological discomfort when they try to stop smoking).
     
2. There are hundreds of chemical substances in cigarette smoke. Three of the most damaging are:
   
   • Tars--damage delicate lung tissue and are considered the main cancer- causing agent in cigarette smoke.
     
   • Nicotine--a poison found only in tobacco leaves. It can be extracted as a colorless, oily transparent liquid and used in solution as an insecticide. One drop of pure nicotine can be fatal to humans.
     (1) It is a powerful stimulant to the brain and central nervous system that 'hits'' the brain within four seconds. Like the drug, alcohol, after it initially stimulates, it has a depressant effect.
     (2) Nicotine constricts (narrows) the blood vessels, cutting down the flow of blood and oxygen throughout your body. Your heart has to pump harder, thus increasing the chance of heart disease. It raises the blood pressure and also narrows bronchioles (air passageways) in the lungs, also depriving the body of some oxygen.
     
   • Carbon monoxide--replaces needed oxygen in your red blood cells. Even after one stops smoking, carbon monoxide stays in the bloodstream for hours, depriving the body of oxygen until the oxygen level in your blood returns to normal. Carbon monoxide is a waste product of cigarette smoking and also of gasoline engines.
     
3. Some of the diseases caused by cigarette smoking are:
   
   • Chronic bronchitis (inflammation of the bronchi which are the breathing tubes in the lungs)
     
   • Laryngitis (inflammation of the throat)
     
   • Emphysema(a degenerative lung disease that destroys breathing capacity)
     
   • Smoking is a contributing factor in cancer of the lungs, mouth, and esophagus.
     
4. Smoking cigarettes stains the teeth, reduces the efficiency of the body's ability to taste and smell, and increases the process of wrinkling of the skin (especially around the eyes).
   
5. The effects of some medication taken by a person may be increased, decreased, or cancelled out by smoking.
   
6. Cigarette smoking by pregnant women may cause harm to the fetus.
   
7. Cigarette smoke pollutes the air in enclosed places, which also affects the nonsmokers present.
   
8. Smoke from an idle cigarette contains at least as much tar and nicotine as inhaled smoke (American Lung Association).
   
9. Chewing tobacco may lead to cancer of the mouth and to an addiction because of the nicotine that is absorbed through the mouth's lining.
   
10. It is generally accepted that "peer pressure" encourages many young people between the ages of 10 and 18 to begin experimenting with smoking (American Cancer Society).
    
11. When a person quits smoking, the body begins to repair some of the damage caused by the cigarette smoking.
    
    
12.  

Is your brain male or female?

http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-29405467Do you have a "male" or "female" brain? Are there really significant brain differences between the sexes and if so, do these differences matter? BBC Horizon investigates.

 

Honey bees - Natural History 1

Honey bees - Natural History 1

Male birds show off their beauty to attract females - David Attenborough...

BBC Life: The Grebes

The Endocrine System

How Animals See The World

Neurons or nerve cells - Structure function and types of neurons | Human...

Inner Life of the Cell (Full Version - Narrated)

Firing Neurons | Cell Dance 2010, Public Outreach Video Winner

The Nervous System

   

Warning Signs and Animals to Avoid (Animal Atlas)

How Animals Adapt (Animal Atlas)

Animal Senses

https://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/amaze.html


Some animals have developed amazing adaptations to their environments. Many different types of energy exist in the environment, some of which humans cannot detect. Here are some examples of how some animals sense the outside world and the anatomical structures that allow them to do so...


http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/worlds-deadliest/deadliest-snake-senses

Super Senses (Animal Atlas)

http://plantararboles.blogspot.com.es/

Mineral detectives!

THE LEARNING ZONE. OXFORD UNIVERSITY MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

http://www.oum.ox.ac.uk/thezone/minerals/define/quiz/index.htm#question5

http://www.oum.ox.ac.uk/thezone/minerals/detect/index.htm

Finding out about minerals is detective work. There are thousands of different minerals, all with different properties - like colour, shape and hardness. For any one mineral you have to think carefully about each of these different properties, and then put all this information together to identify it properly - its easy, once you know how.

To find out more about minerals and their properties, take a closer look and select one of the links below.

Take a closer look:

Colour
Light
Lustre
Streak
Crystal shape
Hardness
Cleavage and fracture
Heaviness
Other tests

What we have learnt ...

And to see if your detective skills are up to scratch play our fun card game!
Mineral mastermind!

Unit 3: Interaction and coordination

Task
Imagine you are an insect. Find out about some very dangerous plants. Design a poster
with the following information:
• A description of some of these plants.
• Where do they grow?
• What do they eat?
• Why are they dangerous?

Illustrate your poster with drawings of the plants.

Resources:

http://www.botany.org/Carnivorous_Plants/
http://www.botany.org/bsa/misc/carn.html
http://www.sarracenia.com/faq/faq1040.html
http://www.kidsgardeningstore.com/ca2-16-06.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnivorous_plant

Lifestyle Checkup

Answer these questions and score 1 point for every Yes answer:

1. Do you eat fresh fruit every day?
2. Do you eat fresh or cooked vegetables every day?
3. Do you eat wholegrain foods (e.g. wholemeal or brown bread, brown rice, cereal) every day?
4. Are you trying to eat less fat?
5. Are you trying to eat less salt?
6. Are you trying to eat less sugar?
7. Do you often drink plain water when you are thirsty?
8. Are you about the right weight for your height?
9. If you are overweight, have you started eating fewer kilojoules and having more exercise?
10. Do you take part in regular physical exercise that causes you to breathe harder or sweat?
11. Do you take part in this activity for 20 minutes at least 3 times a week?
12. Do you get much exercise in the ordinary course of your day?
13. Do you get enough satisfying sleep?
14. Do you practise a relaxation technique regularly?
15. Have you set goals for yourself that are based on things that are most important to you?
16. Do you enjoy your work or your regular activities?
17. Do you listen carefully to the people who matter to you?
18. Do you often let people close to you know that you appreciate them?
19. Do you have someone to turn to when the going gets tough?
20. If you don't smoke nor drink alcohol, score a point.

Here's how you rate:
16 to 18 points -Excellent. You are doing all the important things for a happy healthy life.
13 to 17 points - Good. You are doing most of the important things.
8 to 12 points - Fair. A bit more attention is needed to improve your lifestyle.
Less than 8 - Poor. There's no time like the present to change bad habits. Check with your doctor first.

My plate match game!

http://www.healthyeating.org/Healthy-Kids/Kids-Games-Activities/My-Plate-Match-Game.aspx

ANIMAL NUTRITION