How to Extract DNA from Anything Living

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/extraction/howto/

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/extraction/howto/detergent/

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/extraction/howto/enzyme/

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/extraction/howto/DNA_Extraction.pdf

 First, you need to find something that contains DNA. Since DNA is the blueprint for life,
everything living contains DNA. For this experiment, we like to use green split peas. But there
are lots of other DNA sources too, such as:
   Spinach
   Chicken liver
  Strawberries
  Broccoli
Step 1

Put in a blender:
•     1/2 cup of split peas (100ml)
•     1/8 teaspoon table salt (less than 1ml)
•     1 cup cold water (200ml)
Blend on high for 15 seconds.
The blender separates the pea cells from
each other, so you now have a really thin
pea-cell soup.


Soapy Peas
Pour your thin pea-cell soup through a
strainer into another container (like a
measuring cup).
Step 2
Add 2 tablespoons liquid detergent (about
30ml) and swirl to mix.
Let the mixture sit for 5-10 minutes.
Pour the mixture into test tubes or other
small glass containers, each about 1/3 full.
Step 3
Enzyme Power
Add a pinch of enzymes to each test tube
and stir gently. Be careful! If you stir too
hard, you’ll break up the DNA, making it
harder to see.
Use meat tenderizer for enzymes. If you
can’t find tenderizer, try using pineapple
juice or contact lens cleaning solution.


Alcohol Separation
Tilt your test tube and slowly pour
rubbing alcohol (70-95% isopropyl or
ethyl alcohol) into the tube down the side
so that it forms a layer on top of the pea
mixture. Pour until you have about the
same amount of alcohol in the tube as
pea mixture.
Step 4
Alcohol is less dense than water, so it
floats on top. Look for clumps of white
stringy stuff where the water and alcohol
layers meet.
Finish
What is that Stringy Stuff?
DNA is a long, stringy molecule. The salt
that you added in step one helps it stick
together. So what you see are clumps of
tangled DNA molecules!
DNA normally stays dissolved in water,
but when salty DNA comes in contact with
alcohol it becomes undissolved. This is
called precipitation. The physical force of
the DNA clumping together as it precipitates
pulls more strands along with it as it rises
into the alcohol.
You can use a wooden stick or a straw to
collect the DNA. If you want to save your
DNA, you can transfer it to a small container
filled with alcohol.


You Have Just Completed DNA Extraction!
Now that you’ve successfully extracted DNA from one source, you’re ready to
experiment further. Try these ideas or some of your own:
Experiment with other DNA sources. Which
source gives you the most DNA? How can you
compare them?
Experiment with different soaps and
detergents. Do powdered soaps work as well as
liquid detergents? How about shampoo or body
scrub?
Experiment with leaving out or changing steps.
We’ve told you that you need each step, but
is this true? Find out for yourself. Try leaving
out a step or changing how much of each
ingredient you use.
Do only living organisms contain DNA? Try
extracting DNA from things that you think
might not have DNA.
Want to conduct more DNA extraction
experiments? Try out different soaps and
detergents. Do powdered soaps work as well
as liquid detergents?